SMALL HYDROPOWERS
Ключевые слова:
Keywords: Small hydropower, renewable energy, rural electrification, sustainable development, low-head turbines, green energy, environmental impact, economic viability, energy policy, resource management.Аннотация
Small hydropower (SHP) is a type of renewable energy source that is increasingly recognized for its potential to generate electricity with minimal environmental impact, particularly in remote and rural areas. This paper provides a comprehensive review of small-scale hydropower systems, focusing on their technological advancements, environmental benefits, and economic feasibility. It discusses the criteria for site selection, design considerations for SHP plants, and the various types of turbines suitable for low-head and low-flow water sources. The paper also evaluates the role of small hydropower in meeting global energy demands while contributing to rural development and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Furthermore, the paper examines the policy frameworks and incentives that encourage the development of SHP projects. Challenges such as regulatory barriers, financial constraints, and potential ecological disturbances are addressed, with recommendations for sustainable practices and community engagement. This study underscores the necessity for integrated resource management and cross-sector collaboration to optimize the advantages of small hydropower.
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