DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF 3rd GENERATION SOLAR ELEMENTS
Keywords:
aKeywords: third generation; single crystal; polycrystal; perovskite; sensitive to dye; tandem solar cells; organic photovoltaicsAbstract
Abstract: This paper is designed to achieve low-cost and high power conversion efficiency for the production of third-generation solar panels. These solar cells have the ability to exceed the Shockley-Queisser limit. This review focuses on various third-generation solar cells, such as dye-sensitized solar cells, perovskite-based cells, organic photovoltaics, quantum dot solar cells, and tandem solar cells, a collection of different materials that exploit the maximum solar spectrum. achieve high power conversion efficiency. Along with these solar cells, other third-generation technologies are discussed, including up-conversion, down-conversion, hot carrier, and multi-excitation. The article includes an overview of previous work in this area, as well as an introduction to the technologies, including their working principles and components. Advances in various components and improvements in performance parameters such as fill factor, open circuit voltage, conversion efficiency and short circuit current density are discussed. There is also talk about the widespread distribution of these technologies in sales.
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